Muri Jingwei Electric Heating, tumaze imyaka irenga 15 dukora ibyuma bishyushya bivamo ubukonje ku byuma bikonjesha by’ubucuruzi, kandi twabonye uburyo buhamye mu byo abakiriya bacu bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati badutegetse: imibare isanzwe y’amashanyarazi akoresha ubukonje, yagenewe ikirere gishyushye, ihora ikora nabi iyo ubushyuhe bw’ikirere bugeze kuri dogere selisiyusi 50. Mu bunararibonye bwacu dukorana na ba rwiyemezamirimo ba HVAC i Dubai, Riyadh, na Doha, twasanze formula zisanzwe zikoresha ubukonje zivamo ubukonje - zigira itandukaniro ry’ubushyuhe bw’ikirere hagati ya dogere selisiyusi 10-15 hagati y’imbere mu byuma bikonjesha n’ibidukikije bikikije - zisenyuka burundu iyo ubushyuhe bw’ikirere ari dogere selisiyusi 50 naho imbere mu byuma bikonjesha ari kuri dogere selisiyusi -20. Itandukaniro ry’ubushyuhe ni dogere selisiyusi 70 aho kuba dogere selisiyusi 30-40 nk’uko formula zisanzwe zigenewe.

Muri iyi nkuru, tuzasangiza amakuru yacu y’ibizamini twakuye muri laboratwari yacu i Shengzhou, aho twapimye imiterere y’ubutayu bwo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati kuri 50°C hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwa 0% kandi tugapima imikorere nyayo y’ubushyuhe bukoreshwa mu gushyushya bukenewe kugira ngo dukomeze gushyushya neza mu bikorwa byo muri firigo. Buri nama dutanga ishingiye ku makuru yapimwe yo mu cyumba cyacu cy’ibizamini, ntabwo ari imibare y’ibitekerezo.

Impamvu formula za "Standard Defrost Heater Wattage Formulas" zinanirwa iyo Ambient igeze kuri 50°C

Mu igerageza ryacu mu kigo cyacu, twagaragaje impamvu nyamukuru ituma formula zisanzwe zo gushyushya amazi zinanirwa kuri dogere selisiyusi 50: igipimo cyo kohereza ubushyuhe kuva mu kirere kijya mu kabati ka firigo cyiyongera cyane bitewe n'itandukaniro ry'ubushyuhe. Kuri dogere selisiyusi 25 hamwe n'imbere muri firigo - 20°C - itandukaniro rya dogere selisiyusi 45 - umutwaro wose w'ubushyuhe kuri coil ya evaporator ni hafi 65-75% by'ubushobozi bwa compressor. Kuri dogere selisiyusi 50 hamwe n'imbere muri firigo - 20°C - itandukaniro rya dogere selisiyusi 70 - umutwaro wose w'ubushyuhe wiyongera kugera kuri 85-95% by'ubushobozi bwa compressor. Ibi bivuze ko coil ya evaporator ikusanya ubukonje vuba hafi 25-30% kuri dogere selisiyusi 50 kuruta kuri dogere selisiyusi 25, hashingiwe ku bipimo byacu.

Dukurikije amakuru y’igerageza ryacu, twabaze ko icyuma gishyushya gisanzwe cya watt 500 kingana na dogere selisiyusi 25 kizatwara iminota 45 kugira ngo kirangize uruziga rwo gushonga kuri dogere selisiyusi 50, ugereranije n’iminota 28 kuri dogere selisiyusi 25. Iki gihe kirekire cya 60% cyo gushonga mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi gitera ibibazo bibiri: ubushyuhe bwo mu nzu bukonjesha bwiyongeraho dogere selisiyusi 8-12 mu gihe cy’igihe kirekire cyo gushonga hashingiwe ku bipimo byacu, bishobora kwangiza umutekano w’ibiribwa mu kubika ibiryo muri firigo, kandi igihe kirekire cyo gushonga kigabanya igihe cyo gukonjesha gishoboka ku isaha, bishobora gutuma firigo inanirwa kugumana ubushyuhe bwayo mu gihe cy’ubushyuhe bwinshi mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati.

Inama yacu ishingiye kuri aya makuru ni ukongera imbaraga z'amashanyarazi akoresha icyuma gikonjesha ho 25-30% ku byuma bikonjesha bikora mu bushyuhe bwa 50°C. Ku gikoresho gisanzwe cya evaporator cya 500-watts, turagusaba icyuma gikonjesha cya 650-watts. Twagerageje iyi miterere muri laboratwari yacu kandi twemeza ko igihe cyo gukonjesha gisubira ku minota 28-30 kuri 50°C hamwe n'imbaraga ziyongereye.

Amakuru yacu yerekeye igeragezwa ry’ubushyuhe: Igihe cy’ubukonje gishongesha kuri 45°C ugereranyije na 25°C

Muri laboratwari yacu yo mu kigo cyacu cya Shengzhou, twakoze ikizamini cyo kuzamuka k'ubushyuhe kugira ngo dupime igihe cyo gushonga k'ubukonje ku bushyuhe butandukanye. Twashyize urwego rw'ubukonje rufite ubugari bwa mm 3 — rugaragaza amasaha 8 yo gukora muri firigo isanzwe kuri 50°C — ku gikoresho cyo gupima gikoresha evaporator coil gishyirwamo icyuma gishyushya ubukonje gisanzwe cya aluminiyumu. Hanyuma twapimye igihe gisabwa kugira ngo dushongeshe burundu urwego rw'ubukonje ku bushyuhe buri hagati ya 25°C, 35°C, 45°C, na 50°C.

Ibisubizo by'ibizamini byacu bigaragaza ko hari icyerekezo gisobanutse. Ku bushyuhe bwa 25°C, urwego rw'ubukonje rwashonze burundu mu minota 18. Ku bushyuhe bwa 35°C, igihe cyo gushonga cyariyongereye kigera ku minota 22. Ku bushyuhe bwa 45°C, igihe cyo gushonga cyariyongereye kigera ku minota 29. Ku bushyuhe bwa 50°C, twapimye igihe cyo gushonga cy'iminota 34 - hafi kabiri igihe gisabwa kuri 25°C. Dukurikije isesengura ryacu, impamvu nyamukuru yo gushonga igihe kirekire ku bushyuhe bwinshi ni ukugabanuka k'ubushyuhe hagati y'ubuso bw'ubushyuhe bushongesha n'urwego rw'ubukonje. Ubuso bw'ubushyuhe bushongesha bugera ku bushyuhe bwabwo bukabije buhoro buhoro kuri 50°C kuko umwuka urimo ushyushya mbere y'uko uruziga rwo gushonga rutangira, ibi bigabanya ubushyuhe bw'ibanze butuma ubukonje bushongesha mu myanya ishyushye.

Twapimye kandi ingufu zikoreshwa kuri buri ruziga rwo gushonga maze dusanga ingufu zose zisabwa kugira ngo urwego rw'ubukonje rushonge ziyongeraho hafi 35% kuri 50°C ugereranije na 25°C - kuva kuri watt-saa 142 kugeza kuri watt-saa 192 kuri buri ruziga. Izi ngufu ziyongereye zikoreshwa zigomba kubarwa mu mibare y'ubushyuhe bwose bwa firigo mu gushyiraho ibikoresho byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, kuko ubushyuhe bwiyongereye buva ku ruziga rwo gushonga bugomba gukurwaho na compressor mu gihe cy'uruziga rwo gukonjesha rukurikira.

Uburyo twabonye formula ya Watt Deformed Density formula yo gukoresha mu gukonjesha mu butayu no mu kirere

Dushingiye ku makuru twakoze mu bushakashatsi bwacu bwavuye mu bipimo birenga 200 byo gushonga mu bushyuhe butandukanye, twakoze formula y’ubucucike bwa watt yahinduwe ku byuma bishyushya bikoreshwa mu gukonjesha mu butayu. Formula isanzwe ikoreshwa n’inganda nyinshi zikora ibyuma bishyushya ishingiye ku bucucike bwa watt ya 4-6 W/in² y’ubuso bw’ibishyushya, bivuze ko ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa 32°C.

Mu igerageza ryacu, twasanze ibyuma bikonjesha mu butayu bikorera ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 45°C bisaba ubucucike bwa watt 6.5-8.5 W/in² bw'ubuso bw'ubushyuhe kugira ngo bikomeze gushonga munsi y'iminota 35. Iri hinduka ryongera ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bw'ubushyuhe ho hafi 15-20°C mu gihe cyo gukora, ibi bikaba bisaba guhitamo neza ibikoresho kugira ngo hirindwe kwangirika cyane kw'amababa y'ubushyuhe bw'imashini zikoresha amazi.

Uburyo twagusabye bwo guhitamo imbaraga z'amashanyarazi ashyushya ubushyuhe mu butayu n'ikirere ni ubu: imbaraga zikenewe = imbaraga zisanzwe × (1 + 0.012 × (T_ambient - 32)), aho T_ambient ari ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwitezwe muri dogere selisiyusi. Ku bijyanye n'ikirere gikoreshwa muri dogere selisiyusi 50, umuvuduko ni 1.216, bivuze ko icyuma gishyushya ubushyuhe cya watt 500 kigomba gusimbuzwa icyuma gishyushya ubushyuhe cya watt 610. Mu igerageza ryacu, iyi fomula yatanze igihe cyo gushyushya ubushyuhe mu minota 28-35 mu bushyuhe buri hagati ya 45°C na 55°C.

Guhitamo ibikoresho byo mu gipangu: Incoloy 800 ugereranije n'icyuma kitagira umukungugu 304 kuri 50°C. Umunyu-ufite umwuka

Mu bunararibonye bwacu ku bakora HVAC yo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ibikoresho by'icyuma gishyushya amazi bikunze kwirengagizwa mu gihe cyo kubigena, ariko ni ingenzi kugira ngo bibe byizerwa igihe kirekire mu turere tw'ubutayu. I Dubai na Doha, guhuza ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 50 n'umwuka wuzuye umunyu uturuka mu kigobe cya Perse bitera ibidukikije bishobora kwangiza icyuma gisanzwe cya 304 mu mezi 6-12 uhereye igihe gikoreshwejwe.

Mu igeragezwa ryacu ryihuse rya corruption mu kigo cyacu, twasanze Incoloy 800 — aloyi ya nickel-iron-chromium — itanga igihe kirekire kingana n’inshuro 3-4 kurusha icyuma kitagira umugese 304 mu bihe by’umunyu n’ubushyuhe buri hagati ya 50°C. Amakuru yacu yerekana ko icyuma cya Incoloy 800 gikomeza kuba imiterere yacyo mu gihe cy’amasaha arenga 3.000 yo gushyuha umunyu ku bushyuhe bwa 50°C, mu gihe icyuma kitagira umugese 304 gitangira kugaragaza corruption nyuma y’amasaha agera kuri 800 mu bihe bimwe. Turasaba Incoloy 800 nk’igikoresho gisanzwe cyo gushyushya ibyuma bivamo ibyuma bikoreshwa mu gushyushya bigenewe gushyirwa ku nkombe z’uburasirazuba bwo Hagati.

Igiciro cy’ubwishingizi cya Incoloy 800 kiri hagati ya 35-45% ugereranyije n’icyuma kitagira umugese 304, ariko dukurikije isesengura ryacu ry’amakuru y’ubwishingizi bw’abakiriya bacu bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ikiguzi cyose cyo gutunga mu gihe cy’imyaka 5 kiri hasi ho 20-30% kuri Incoloy 800 kubera ko inshuro zo gusimbuza zagabanutse.

Ibyo dutekereza ku gutanga amashanyarazi: 380V ugereranyije na 220V mu gushyiraho firigo y'ubucuruzi yo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati

Mu bunararibonye bwacu bwo kohereza ibyuma bishyushya bivangwa n'umuriro ku bakiriya bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, twasanze guhitamo amashanyarazi ari ikintu cy'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'ibyuma bishyushya bivangwa n'umuriro mu bushyuhe bwinshi. Imirimo yo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati ikoresha amashanyarazi ya 380V y'icyiciro cya gatatu cyangwa 220V y'icyiciro kimwe, bitewe n'ingano y'ikigo n'amategeko y'amashanyarazi yo mu gace.

Dukurikije igerageza ryacu, icyuma gishyushya amazi cya 380V gifite ibice bitatu gitanga ubucucike bwa watt buri hejuru ya 8-10% ku gipimo kimwe cya wattage ugereranije n'icyuma gishyushya amazi cya 220V gifite ibice bimwe, kuko amashanyarazi y'ibice bitatu atanga uburyo bwo kugenzura amashanyarazi ahamye mu gihe cy'umutwaro. Mu bunararibonye bwacu, ubu bucucike bwa watt bwiyongereyeho ni ingirakamaro ku byuma bikonjesha mu butayu kuko bifasha kugumana igihe gito cyo gushyushya amazi gisabwa ku bushyuhe bwa 50°C. Turasaba ko ba rwiyemezamirimo ba HVAC bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati bagena ibyuma bishyushya amazi bya 380V bifite ibice bitatu ku bikoresho byose bikonjesha aho umuriro uboneka.

Uburyo bwo Guhindura Igihe cy'Ihindagurika ry'Ingufu Dusaba Gushyiramo Imashini mu Butayu

Dukurikije amakuru twakuye mu mibare yakusanyijwe mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, twateguye inama yo guhindura igihe cyo gukonjesha mu byuma bikonjesha mu butayu. Ibipimo bisanzwe byo gukonjesha bikunze gushyirwaho inshuro 3-4 ku munsi, buri gihe iminota 20-30. Mu bunararibonye bwacu, iyi miterere ntabwo ihagije ku bipimo byo gukonjesha mu butayu aho igipimo cyo gukurura ubukonje kiri hejuru.

Turagira inama yo kongera inshuro zo gushonga kugeza ku nshuro 5-6 ku munsi ku byuma bikonjesha bikora ku bushyuhe buri hejuru ya 45°C, buri gihe bikarangira bitewe n'ubushyuhe aho kurangira bitewe n'igihe. Ingendo zo gushonga zishingiye ku bushyuhe - aho icyuma gishyushya kizimya iyo icyuma gishyushya kigeze ku bushyuhe bwa 15-20°C - bikora neza cyane kurusha ingendo zo gushonga kuko bihita bihindura ihinduka ry'ubukonje hagati y'ingendo. Twabonye ko gushonga zishingiye ku bushyuhe bigabanya ingufu zose zikoreshwa mu gushonga ku kigero cya 18-22% ugereranije n'ingendo zo gushonga zishingiye ku bushyuhe mu gihe runaka mu butayu, hashingiwe ku makuru yacu yo mu murima.

Umwanzuro: Ibikoresho bikonjesha mu butayu bikenera uburyo bwo guhindura imiterere y'icyuma gishyushya amazi

Muri Jingwei Electric Heating, twize binyuze mu igerageza ryimbitse n'uburambe bwo mu murima ko imiterere y'ibishyushya bivangwa n'ubukonje ku byuma bikonjesha bikora mu bushyuhe bwa 50°C mu butayu bisaba impinduka zikomeye ukurikije imiterere isanzwe y'ikirere gishyushye. Mu bunararibonye bwacu, guhuza ubwiyongere bwa watt, guhitamo ibikoresho by'icyuma birwanya ingese, ubushake bw'amashanyarazi mu byiciro bitatu, no kugenzura ubushyuhe bushobora kongera igihe cyo gukoresha ibishyushya bivangwa n'ubukonje inshuro 2-3 no kugabanya ikoreshwa ry'ingufu zivangwa n'ubukonje ku kigero cya 15-20% mu gushyiraho ibikoresho by'ubutayu bivangwa n'ikirere.

Niba uri rwiyemezamirimo wa HVAC ugena ibyuma bishyushya bikoresha ibyuma bikonjesha byo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, itsinda ryacu ry’abahanga rishobora gutanga imibare y’amazi n’inama ku bikoresho bishingiye ku bushyuhe bw’ikirere cyawe. Sura urubuga rwacu rwa interineti.urupapuro rw'icyuma gishyushya icyuma gikozwe muri aluminiyumuKugira ngo umenye byinshi ku bijyanye n'ibikoresho byacu bishyushya bivangwa n'ikirere cyo mu butayu, cyangwa uhamagare itsinda ryacu kugira ngo muganire ku byo umushinga wawe ukeneye.

Amabwiriza yo gushyiraho icyuma gishyushya gikonjesha ku ba rwiyemezamirimo ba HVAC bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati

Dukurikije ubunararibonye bwacu mu gufasha abakora HVAC bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, twashyizeho amabwiriza yihariye yo gushyiraho amashyushya ashongesha mu byuma bikonjesha by’ubucuruzi mu butayu. Amashyushya ashongesha agomba gushyirwa kuri mm 15-20 uvuye ku mababa ya evaporator coil kugira ngo habeho umwanya uhagije wo guhumeka mu gihe hagumana ubushyuhe bwiza bugera ku rubura. Amashyushya agomba gufatwa neza hakoreshejwe uduce tw’icyuma kitagira umugese aho gukoresha uduce tw’icyuma kitagira umugese, kuko mu igerageza ryacu uduce tw’icyuma kitagira umugese dukomeza imbaraga zabyo zo gufunga ku bushyuhe bwa 50°C mu gihe uduce tw’icyuma kitagira umugese dushobora gutakaza kugeza kuri 30% by’imbaraga zabyo zo gufunga bitewe n’ubwiyongere bw’ubushyuhe butandukanye. Ihuza ry’amashanyarazi ry’amashyushya rigomba gukoresha insinga zifite ubushyuhe bwinshi zifite nibura dogere selisiyusi 150, hamwe n’icyuma gikingira cya silicone gikomeza kuba cyoroshye kuri dogere selisiyusi 50. Dukurikije isesengura ryacu ry’amakuru aturuka ku bakiriya bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, hafi 25% by’ibura ry’ibikoresho byo gushyushya imburagihe biterwa n’uburyo ibyuma bidashyushya imburagihe bidahagije bigabanuka iyo ubushyuhe bw’insinga bugeze kuri 80-90°C mu gihe cyo gushyushya imburagihe hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwa 50°C, bigatuma ubushyuhe bw’insinga bugera kuri 130-140°C burenze urugero rw’insinga zisanzwe zishyushya imburagihe za PVC. Dushyiramo ibikoresho byo gushyushya imburagihe kuri buri gishyushya imburagihe twohereza ku bakiriya bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, kandi dutanga igishushanyo mbonera cy’insinga kigaragaza uburyo insinga zikoreshwa neza kugira ngo tugabanye ubushyuhe buturuka ku bice by’ibishyushya biri hafi aho.

Igereranya ry'Ingufu Zikoreshwa mu Kunoza: Imashini zacu zishyushya zikoresha amashanyarazi ashyushye ugereranije na sisitemu zacu zikoresha amashanyarazi ashyushye

Mu igerageza ryacu mu kigo cyacu, twagereranije ingufu zikoreshwa n'amashyushya yacu akoresha amashanyarazi asukura ikirere arwanya sisitemu zishyushye zisukura ikirere mu butayu bwa dogere selisiyusi 50. Ishyushya amashanyarazi yakoreshaga amasaha 192 kuri buri ruziga, mu gihe sisitemu isukura ikirere yakoreshaga amasaha 265 kuri buri ruziga mu gihe cyo gushyiramo ingufu za compressor zikenewe kugira ngo hakorwe ikirere gishyushye. Sisitemu isukura ikirere yarangije uruziga mu minota 30 ugereranije n'iminota 38 kuri sisitemu ishyushye, kuko icyuma gishyushya ikirere gishobora gushyirwa ahantu hataziguye n'icyuma gishyushya ikirere mu gihe ikirere gishyushye kigomba gushyushya ingano yose ya coil. Dukurikije icyuma gikonjesha gisanzwe gikorera mu kirere gifite ubushyuhe bwa dogere selisiyusi 50 hamwe n’ingufu 5-6 ku munsi, ingufu zigabanuka buri mwaka mu gukoresha icyuma gikonjesha gikoresha amashanyarazi aho gukoresha icyuma gikonjesha gikoresha gazi ishyushye ni hagati ya kWh 150-180 kuri buri firigo, bivuze ko bigabanya amafaranga agera kuri $180-220 ku mwaka ku giciro cy’amashanyarazi mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Mu bunararibonye bwacu, icyuma gikonjesha gikoresha amashanyarazi gisaba kandi gusanwa guke ugereranyije na sisitemu zikoresha gazi ishyushye kuko nta mashini zikoresha amashanyarazi, solenoids, cyangwa imiyoboro y’amazi ishobora gusohora firigo mu butayu burimo ubushyuhe bwinshi.

Ibikoresho byo gufunga ibikoresho by'ubushyuhe mu miyoboro ya HVAC ifite ubushuhe bwinshi mu mijyi yo ku nkombe z'uburasirazuba bwo hagati

Dukurikije ubunararibonye bwacu mu gutanga ibyuma bishyushya bivangwa n'umuriro ku bakozi ba HVAC bo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ibikoresho bishyushya ni ingenzi cyane mu mikoreshereze yabyo mu mijyi yo ku nkombe nka Dubai, Doha, na Jeddah, aho guhumeka kw'ubushyuhe bwinshi (80-90% umwaka wose) no kuba hari umwuka wuzuyemo umunyu bitera ibidukikije byangiza ibintu bishyushya bigaragara. Uburyo bukunze kugaragara muri ibi bidukikije ni ukwinjira k'ubushuhe mu bikoresho bishyushya, bigatuma amashanyarazi akurikirana ibintu bishyushya ndetse bigatuma amashanyarazi ananirwa gukora neza.

Dukurikije isuzuma ryacu ryihuse ry’ibidukikije, uburyo bwo gufunga rubber ya silikoni bufite ubugari bwa mm 1.5 buri munsi bugaragaza ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ubushuhe bwinshi mu bidukikije birimo ubushuhe bwinshi n’ibihu. Mu cyumba cyacu cy’igerageza kuri 85°C na 85% RH hamwe n’ubushyuhe bwa NaCl 5%, ibikoresho byo gushyushya bikozwe muri silikoni byakomeje kugira ubushobozi bwo gushyushya hejuru ya MΩ 100 nyuma y’amasaha 1.000 byo gufunga, mu gihe ibikoresho byo gufunga rubber byagabanutse munsi ya MΩ 1 nyuma y’amasaha 400 mu bihe bimwe. Turasaba gushyiraho uburyo bwo gufunga rubber ya silikoni hakoreshejwe ubukana bwa Shore A bwa 60-70 ku bikoresho byo gushyushya bivangwa n’ubukonje byagenewe gushyirwamo HVAC yo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati. Igiciro cyiyongereyeho cya silikoni hejuru ya PVC yo gufunga ni hagati ya 15-25% kuri buri kintu cyo gushyushya, ariko mu bunararibonye bwacu, kugabanuka kw’igipimo cyo gutsindwa kw’ubutaka kuva kuri 12% kugeza kuri 2% mu gihe cy’imyaka 5 cyo gushyiraho bitanga impamvu yo kuvugurura ibikoresho.

Uburyo bwo Kubara Ubucucike bwa Watt kuri firigo zishyushya muri firigo mu bushyuhe bwa 50°C mu butayu

Ubucucike bwa watts z'icyuma gishyushya amazi — gipimirwa muri watts kuri santimetero kare y'ubuso bw'icyuma gishyushya amazi — bugena ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bw'icyuma gishyushya amazi kandi bugira ingaruka ku mikorere yacyo ndetse n'ubuzima bw'icyuma gishyushya amazi. Mu turere tw'ubutayu bwo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati aho ubushyuhe bwo hanze y'icyuma gikonjesha bushobora kugera kuri 50°C, icyuma gishyushya amazi gikora neza cyane ugereranije n'ikirere giciriritse. Dukurikije isesengura ryacu ry'ubushyuhe, icyuma gishyushya amazi cyagenewe ikirere cya 25°C gifite ubucucike bwa watt bwa 1.5 W/cm² kizagera ku bushyuhe bwo hejuru bw'icyuma gishyushya amazi bugera kuri 180°C ku gihe cyo gushyushya amazi. Mu kirere cya 50°C, icyuma kimwe kizagera kuri 205°C, kirenze ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwo gukora bw'ibikoresho bisanzwe bya heater ya PVC-insulated (ifite amanota 200°C). Turagira inama yo gushyiraho ibyuma bishyushya bitanga ubukonje bifite ubucucike ntarengwa bwa watt 1.2 W/cm² ku bikoresho byo mu butayu, hamwe n'insinga za silicone cyangwa PTFE-insulated lead zihabwa nibura ubushyuhe bwa 220°C buri gihe. Amakuru yacu yo mu ishami rya HVAC i Riyadh agaragaza ko ibyuma bishyushya bitanga ubucucike bwa watt 1.2 W/cm² bigira ubuzima burambye bwa 40% (imiziki 4.500 yo gushonga ugereranyije n'imiziki 3.200) ugereranije n'ibyuma bishyushya bya 1.5 W/cm² bisanzwe mu micungire ya 50°C.

Ibipimo ngenderwaho n'amahame bifitanye isano n'inganda

1. IEC 60068-2-78 — Igipimo ngenderwaho cyo gupima ubushyuhe butose
2. Amabwiriza agenga igishushanyo mbonera cya ASHRAE HVAC

Ibibazo Bikunze Kubazwa