Mu bikoresho bikonjesha umwuka ukonje,imiyoboro ishyushya(cyangwa ibyuma bishyushya) ni byo bintu by'ingenzi byemeza imikorere myiza ya sisitemu yo gukonjesha. Bikemura mu buryo butaziguye ikibazo cyo kwangirika kw'imikorere guterwa no kwirundanya kw'ubukonje ku cyuma gishyushya. Uburyo bikoreshwa n'agaciro kabyo bishobora gusobanurwa mu buryo bukurikira:
Ⅰ. Imikorere y'ingenzi: Gukoresha imbaraga mu gusukura kugira ngo firigo ikore neza
1. Kuraho uburyo bwo kuziba kw'ibicurane
*** Impamvu nyamukuru y'ikibazo: Iyo icyuma gikonjesha/gikonjesha kiri gukora, ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bw'amababa y'imashini ikoresha umwuka uba uri munsi ya 0°C. Amazi yo mu kirere azahinduka ubukonje buhoro buhoro kandi agenda yiyongera (cyane cyane ahantu hari ubushuhe burenga 70%).
*** Ingaruka:
~ Ubukonje butwikiriye amababa bubangamira urujya n'uruza rw'umwuka → Ingano y'umwuka igabanukaho 30% kugeza kuri 50%.
~ Urukuta rw'ubukonje rukora urukuta rurinda ubushyuhe → Uburyo bwo guhanahana ubushyuhe bugabanukaho ibirenze 60%.
~ Kompreseri ihatirwa gukora igihe kirekire bitewe n'igabanuka ry'umuvuduko wa gaze igaruka → kwiyongera kw'ikoreshwa ry'ingufu.
*** Umuti w'umuyoboro ushyushya:
Nyuma y'ingufu zikoreshejwe, ubuso bw'ingufuumuyoboro wo gushyushyaizamuka ikagera kuri 70 - 120°C, ishongesha urubura ruri hagati y'amababa → igasubizaho inzira y'umwuka kandi ikongera imikorere myiza yo guhanahana ubushyuhe.
2. Kurinda kuziba kw'urubura mu miyoboro y'amazi
*** Aho bibabaza cyane: Iyo umuyoboro w'amazi uri hasi mu cyuma gikonjesha ufunze, amazi ashongesha azasubira mu bubiko maze akonje, bigatera ibibazo by'umutekano.
*** Gukoresha umuyoboro ushyushya:
Zingira umuyoboro w'amazi wa silicone ushyushya umuyoboro w'amazi (ufite imbaraga zingana na 40-50W/m2), ukomeze ubushyuhe bw'umuyoboro buri hejuru ya 5℃ → Menya neza ko amazi ashongesha ashobora gusohoka neza.
Ⅱ. Ikoranabuhanga mu by'Umurimo n'Ubufatanye mu Mikorere
1. Uburyo bwo Gukuraho Ubushyuhe
*** Kugenzura Igihe: Tangira gushonga ukurikije uruziga rwateguwe (urugero, shonga rimwe mu masaha 6);
*** Gupima ubushyuhe: Imashini ipima ubushyuhe bw'ubuso bw'icyuma gishyushya amazi imenya ubunini bw'urukuta rw'ubukonje. Iyo urwego rugeze ku rwego rwo hejuru, hatangira gushonga.
*** Kugenzura itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko: Kugenzura itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko hagati y'impande zombi z'icyuma gishyushya umwuka. Iyo itandukaniro rirenze urugero, bigaragaza ko imbaraga z'umwuka zikabije kandi ko hakenewe gushonga.
2. Uburyo bwo gushonga
Ⅲ. Imiterere y'igishushanyo n'uburyo gihuye n'ububiko bukonje
| Ibiranga | Ibisabwa kugira ngo ukoreshe ububiko bukonje | Gahunda yo gushyira mu bikorwa imiyoboro ishyushya |
| Ubushyuhe buke bworoshye | Biracyakenewe gufata neza amababa ku bushyuhe buri munsi ya -30℃ | Urusobe rw'inyuma rwa silicone rworoshye rugumana ubworoherane, nta ngaruka zo kwangirika mu gihe cyo gushyiraho uruziga |
| Gufunga bidaterwa n'ubushuhe | Ahantu hafite ubushuhe bwinshi (ubushuhe buri mu bubiko bukonje > 90%) | Ubwikorezi bwa silicone ifite urwego rubiri + ingingo zikozwe mu buryo bwa foromaje, ifite ubushobozi bwo kwirinda amazi buri hejuru ya IP67 |
| Kugenzura neza ubushyuhe | Birinda kwangirika gukabije kw'ibikoresho bya aluminiyumu | Fuse y'ubushyuhe bw'imbere (aho ishonga 130℃) cyangwa igenzura ry'ubushyuhe ryo hanze |
| Ubudahangarwa bw'inkongi | Irwanya amazi ashongeshwa n'ubukonje n'ibidukikije bikonjeshwa | Igishushanyo cy'icyuma gikonjeshwa na fluorine cyangwa 316 (cyagenewe kubika ibintu bikonjeshwa n'imiti) |
Ⅳ. Inyungu zitaziguye n'agaciro kataziguye
1. Kuzigama ingufu no kugabanya ikiguzi
*** Gusukura ku gihe bisubiza ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha ku kigero kirenga 95%, bigabanya igihe cyo gukoresha compressor → Ingufu zose zikoreshwa zigabanukaho 15% kugeza kuri 25%.
*** Icyitonderwa: Igihe firigo ya -18℃ yananirwaga gukuraho ubukonje ku gihe, ikoreshwa ry'amashanyarazi buri kwezi ryiyongereyeho units 8.000. Nyuma yo gushyiraho imiyoboro ishyushya, yasubiye uko yari imeze.
2. Kugenzura umutekano w'ibicuruzwa
*** Guhinduranya ubushyuhe neza kwa evaporator → Ihindagurika ry'ubushyuhe mu bubiko riri hagati ya ±1℃ → Kurinda ko ibintu bikonjesha bishonga cyangwa ngo byangize imiterere y'uturemangingo bitewe na kristu z'urubura.
3． Kongera igihe cyo kubaho cy'ibikoresho
*** Kugabanya igihe compressor itangira guhagarara kenshi no gukora cyane → Igihe cy'ubuzima bw'ibice by'ingenzi gishobora kongerwaho imyaka 3 kugeza kuri 5;
*** Kurinda urubura gusenyuka mu miyoboro y'amazi → Kugabanya ibyago byo kuva mu byuma bikonjesha.
Ⅴ. Ingingo z'ingenzi zo guhitamo no kubungabunga
1. Guhuza ubucucike bw'ingufu
*** Igikoresho cyoroshye cyo gukonjesha: 30 - 40W kuri metero imwe (hamwe n'icyuho kiri hagati y'amababa > 5mm);
*** Ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo mu nganda: 45 - 60W kuri metero imwe (hakenewe ubushyuhe bwinshi bwo kwinjira mu mababa y’ibice birebire).
2. Ibisobanuro by'uburyo bwo gushyiraho
*** Imiyoboro ishyushya ikoresha icyuma gishyushya igomba gukwirakwizwa ku buryo bungana hagati y’amababa, intera ikaba itarenze cm 10 (kugira ngo hirindwe ko ahantu hose hatagira ubukonje bushonge).
*** Insinga ikonje igomba kubikwa nibura cm 20, kandi aho ihuzwa hagomba gufungwa na gel ya silikoni idashyuha cyane.
3. Gukumira amakosa
*** Suzuma buri gihe ubushobozi bwo kwirinda gushyushya (>200MΩ) kugira ngo wirinde ko amazi ava.
*** Sukura amababa y'umukungugu buri mwaka kugira ngo wirinde ko umukungugu wiyongera, ibyo bikaba byagabanya ubushobozi bwo kohereza ubushyuhe.
Igikoresho gishyushya gikonjesha icyuma gikonjesha gikora nk'"umurinzi wa sisitemu" mu gikoresho gikonjesha cy'ububiko bukonje:
Ku mubiri: Bica urubura, bigasubizaho umuyoboro wo guhanahana ubushyuhe;
Mu bukungu: Binyuze mu kuzigama ingufu no gukumira amakosa, bigabanya cyane ikiguzi cy'imikorere;
Mu ikoranabuhanga: Guhuza ibikoresho bya silikoni n'ubushyuhe bw'ubwenge bitanga uburyo bwo gukuraho ibara ry'umutuku mu buryo bwizewe kandi bunoze.
Iyo hatabayeho umuyoboro ushyushya, icyuma gikonjesha kiba kimeze nka moteri ikonje mu mwanya wayo - gisa n'aho kidakora, ariko mu by'ukuri nta ngaruka gifite.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-11-2025